Health Effects Assessment Summary (HEAST) for
Vinyl Chloride
CAS: 000075-01-4
| Summary of HEAST Information on-Line | ||||||||||||
| Carcinogenicity | ||||||||||||
|
| Inhalation [Slope Factor]: (see comment) | 3.0E-1 (mg/kg/day)-1 | |||
| Inhalation [Unit Risk]: (see comment) |
8.4E-5 (µg/m3)-1 | |||
| Route: | Inhalation: intermittent | |||
| Target Organ / Cancer: | Liver / Tumors | |||
| Species | Experiment Length | EPA Group | ||
| Rat | 1 year | A | ||
| References | ||||
| 1980 | Maltoni, C., G. Lefemine, A. Ciliberti et al. 1980. Vinyl Chloride carcinogenicity bioassays (BT project) as an experimental model for risk identification and assessment in environmental and occupational carcinogenesis. Epidemiol Animepidemiol Hum: Cas Chlorure Vinyle Monomere, (Reun Club Cancerog Chim), 20th, meeting date 1979, p. 11-112. Publ Essent, Paris, France. | |||
| 1981 | Maltoni, C., G. Lefemine, A. Ciliberti et al. 1981. Carcinogenicity bioassays of Vinyl chloride monomer: a model of risk assessment on an experimental basis. Environ Health Perspect. 41: 329. | |||
| 1985 | U.S. EPA. 1985. Health and environmental effects profile for Chloroethene. Prepared by the Office of Health and Environmental Assessment, Environmental Criteria and Assessment Office, Cincinnati, OH for the Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response, Washington, DC. | |||
| 1990 | U.S. EPA. 1990. Carcinogen Risk Assessment Verification Endeavor (CRAVE) Work Group. | |||
| 1994 | U.S. EPA. 1994. Carcinogen Risk Assessment Verification (CRAVE) Work Group. | |||
| General Comment: | The most recently reviewed quantitative toxicity values listed here appear in EPA documents published in 1984 and 1985. Use of these values on an interim basis was validated by CRAVE (04/05/90) and further reviewed (06/09/94). The agency is aware that these values do not incorporate considerable information that is now available. The Office of Health and Environmental Assessment's position is that these toxicity values do not reflect state-of-the-art science for Vinyl Chloride. EPA now has individual animal data, not available when the oral unit risk was calculated, that may influence this value. Additional information that may be factored into a revised quantitative toxicity value includes data on increased sensitivity observed in young animals and data on metabolism/pharmacokinetics. A unit risk for air that considers information on young age exposure increases the risk (i.e., lowers the risk specific dose) by at least 3-fold. The consideration of metabolism pharmacokinetics will further increase the risk. One unpublished physiologically-based pharmacokinetic model prediction results in a 100-fold increased risk. | |||
| Inhalation Slope Comment: | See Appendix A-II: Dose Conversions on HEAST. | |||
| Inhalation [Unit Risk] Comment: | Under review, number subject to change. | |||
| Oral [Slope Factor]: (see comment) |
1.9E+0 (mg/kg/day)-1 | |||
| Oral [Unit Risk]: | 5.4E-5 (µg/L)-1 | |||
| Route: | Oral: diet | |||
| Target Organ / Cancer: | Lung / Tumors | |||
| Liver / Tumors | ||||
| Species | Experiment Length | EPA Group | ||
| Rat | 1001 days | A | ||
| References | ||||
| 1981 | Feron, V.J., C.F.M. Hendriksen, A.J. Speek, et al. 1981. Lifespan oral toxicity study of Vinyl Chloride in rats. Food Cosmet Toxicol. 19(3): 317-333. | |||
| 1984 | U.S. EPA. 1984. Health effects assessment for Vinyl Chloride. Prepared by the Office of Health and Environmental Assessment, Environmental Criteria and Assessment Office, Cincinnati, OH for the Office of Emergency and Remedial Response, Washington, DC. | |||
| 1985 | U.S. EPA. 1985. Drinking water criteria document for Vinyl Chloride. Prepared by the Office of Health and Environmental Assessment, Environmental Criteria and Assessment Office, Cincinnati OH for the Office of Drinking Water, Washington, DC. | |||
| 1990 | U.S. EPA. 1990. Carcinogen Risk Assessment Verification Endeavor (CRAVE) Work Group. | |||
| Oral Slope Comment: | Under review, number subject to change. | |||
[ Risk Assessment Home ]
[ EPA Home |
OSWER Home | Superfund Home ]
[ Search EPA
| Search Superfund
| Whats New |
Contact Us ]
URL: http://risk.lsd.ornl.gov/epa/heast/heast_select.htm
This page was last updated on: March 1, 2000
Site maintained by: Office of Emergency and Remedial Response
Hofmann.Lee@epamail.epa.gov